{"id":15901,"date":"2020-01-20T10:01:50","date_gmt":"2020-01-21T01:33:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/115.238.178.234:8090\/index.php\/2020\/01\/21\/dad853f0d2\/"},"modified":"2020-01-21T10:13:03","modified_gmt":"2020-01-21T02:13:03","slug":"dad853f0d2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/115.238.178.234:8090\/index.php\/2020\/01\/20\/dad853f0d2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u4ee5\u7279\u6743\u6362\u53d6\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba \u7b2c315\u671f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\u3010\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u4ee5\u7279\u6743\u6362\u53d6\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4f5c\u54c1\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u3010\u4f5c\u8005\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Andreas Kruck\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u8bb2\u5e08\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u3001\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

Bernhard Zangl\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5927\u5b66\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u6559\u6388\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u7f16\u8bd1\u3011<\/strong><\/span>\u5434\u7693\u73a5\uff08\u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba\u7f16\u8bd1\u5458\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u8bed\u8a00\u5927\u5b66\uff09<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6821\u5bf9\u3011<\/strong>\u8d75\u96f7<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u5ba1\u6838\u3011<\/strong>\u9648\u52c7<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u6392\u7248\u3011<\/strong><\/span>\u8d3a\u5955<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u6765\u6e90\u3011<\/strong><\/span>Kruck.A., & Zangl.B. (2019). Trading privileges for support: the strategic co-optation of emerging powers into international institutions. International Theory, 11<\/em>(3), 318\u2013343.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u671f\u520a\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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International Theory\uff08\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7ecf\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6709\u5173\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u89c4\u8303\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u30022018\u5e74\u8be5\u671f\u520a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a1.263\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u7c7b\u522b\u768491\u79cd\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u6392\u540d\u7b2c51\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4ee5\u7279\u6743\u6362\u53d6\u652f\u6301\uff1a<\/span>\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3<\/span><\/strong>
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Trading privileges for support: the strategic co-optation of emerging powers into international institutions<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u968f\u7740\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77\u3001\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u7684\u6743\u529b\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\uff08International Institutions\uff09\u4f55\u65f6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u5e94\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\uff1f\u4f5c\u8005\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u3001\u4e13\u5236\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u7b49\u5176\u5b83\u9886\u57df\u5bf9\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\uff08Strategic Co-optation\uff09\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u9002\u5e94\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u5438\u7eb3\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u4e92\u9002\u5e94\u6216\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u7528\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u6362\u53d6\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u65f6\u65b0\u8001\u5927\u56fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u6b64\u7c7b\u4ea4\u6613\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u7406\u8bba\u5316\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5438\u7eb3\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u751f\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u5185\u751f\u52a8\u529b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5438\u7eb3\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u603b\u7ed3\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u5236\u5ea6\u9002\u5e94\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u56f4\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u7406\u8bba\uff08Power Transition Theories, PTTs\uff09\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u6311\u6218\u56fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u8870\u843d\u7684\u9738\u6743\u56fd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u548c\u5e73\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u800c\u8fd1\u671f\u7684\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\uff08Power Shift Theories, PSTs\uff09\u5219\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u518d\u5173\u6ce8\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u7814\u7a76\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u6307\u7684\u662f\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5c1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u6311\u6218\u73b0\u6709\u9738\u4e3b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u518d\u5173\u6ce8\u6574\u4e2a\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u518d\u628a\u5168\u7403\u79e9\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7279\u5b9a\u673a\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u5e94\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\u8fd8\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u60b2\u89c2\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373\u8c03\u6574\u673a\u5236\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u91cd\u5927\u6218\u4e89\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\u5185\u90e8\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u501f\u9274\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u987a\u5e94\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8c03\u6574\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u59a5\u534f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff08Accommodationist Approach\uff09\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u5c06\u52a0\u5267\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u4e0e\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u6218\u4e89\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u9669\u80fd\u591f\u6fc0\u52b1\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u901a\u8fc7\u987a\u5e94\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8c03\u6574\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9632\u6b62\u5728\u672a\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u673a\u5236\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u501f\u9274\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5c06\u5bfb\u6c42\u878d\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u878d\u5165\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff08Integrationist Approach\uff09\u5047\u5b9a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5168\u7403\u79e9\u5e8f\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u66f4\u6613\u52a0\u5165\u3001\u66f4\u96be\u63a8\u7ffb\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u5141\u8bb8\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u524d\u878d\u5165\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5df2\u5c06\u673a\u5236\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5185\u5728\u5316\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u76f8\u5f53\u548c\u8c10\u5730\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u878d\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u59a5\u534f\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u878d\u5165\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u5206\u914d\u53d8\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5206\u522b\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u201d\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u201d\u662f\u201c\u59a5\u534f\uff08accommodation\uff09\u201d\u548c\u201c\u878d\u5165\uff08integration\uff09\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u201d\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u8005\u3002\u201c\u59a5\u534f\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u878d\u5165\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u9002\u5e94\u73b0\u6709\u673a\u5236\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u201d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6388\u4e88\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff08\u59a5\u534f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff08\u878d\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57282008\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u904f\u5236\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u6362\u53d6\u589e\u52a0\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/span>
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\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6301\u6709\u8005\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3a\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u5206\u4eab\u6743\u529b\u7684\u884c\u4f7f\u6216\u5206\u62c5\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3001\u6291\u6216\u4e8c\u8005\u517c\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u4e3a\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u6218\u7565\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u4ea4\u6613\u59cb\u7ec8\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u6362\u53d6\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u673a\u5236\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u548c\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd8\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7eb5\u5411\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5e73\u7b49\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u7684\u6a2a\u5411\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u6bd4\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u7279\u6743\u548c\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4ecd\u4ece\u5c5e\u4e8e\u539f\u5148\u5c31\u4e3b\u5bfc\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5438\u7eb3\u4e2d\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u7279\u6743\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u522b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\uff08procedural\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\uff08substantive\uff09\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\uff08specific\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5206\u6563\uff08diffuse\uff09\u7684\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u6307\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b\u5438\u7eb3\u5206\u6563\u7684\u652f\u6301\u610f\u5473\u7740\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5e94\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u5fe0\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e09\u3001\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6<\/span>
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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u8c03\u6574\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u548c\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u4e0e\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u90fd\u5927\u4e8e\u6210\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u53cc\u65b9\u5bf9\u6210\u672c\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

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1. \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u6311\u6218\u662f\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u5173\u6ce8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u533a\u522b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01\uff08authority\uff09\u7684\u6311\u6218\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u6cbb\u7406\uff08governance\uff09\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u533a\u522b\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u7684\uff08internal\uff09\u6311\u6218\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u7684\uff08external\uff09\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u65b9\u7684\u6311\u6218\u8fd8\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u8bba\u51fa\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u6311\u6218\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u5176\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9a6f\u670d\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\uff08Taming Opposition\uff09\uff1a\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5176\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u5438\u7eb3\u6765\u9a6f\u670d\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u3002\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u5730\u627f\u8ba4\u5370\u5ea6\u4e3a\u6838\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u52a0\u5165\u6838\u4e0d\u6269\u6563\u673a\u5236\uff08\u6216NPT\u673a\u5236\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u56fd\u5bf9NPT\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u65e0\u6838\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5bfb\u6c42\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u62e5\u6709\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdd\u53cd\u5176\u524a\u51cf\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u5e93\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cNPT\u673a\u5236\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u548c21\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5371\u673a\u3002\u901a\u8fc72008\u5e74\u6838\u4f9b\u5e94\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\uff08NSG\uff09\u7684\u8c41\u514d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u56fd\u5bb6\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u5730\u627f\u8ba4\u5370\u5ea6\u4e3a\u6838\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u9a6f\u670d\u5370\u5ea6\u5e76\u904f\u5236NPT\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96c7\u4f63\u6405\u5c40\u8005\uff08Employing Spoilers\uff09\uff1a\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5176\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u96c7\u4f63\u7834\u574f\u5b83\u4eec\u6cbb\u7406\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u4e3a\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u5df4\u585e\u5c14\u94f6\u884c\u76d1\u7ba1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08BCBS\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u4e1a\u6210\u957f\u8fc5\u901f\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u662fBCBS\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u8fd9\u524a\u5f31\u4e86BCBS\u9881\u5e03\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5168\u7403\u94f6\u884c\u76d1\u7ba1\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u975e\u6210\u5458\u56fd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9BCBS\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7f13\u6162\u800c\u96f6\u788e\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u76df\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\uff09\u63d0\u4f9bBCBS\u6210\u5458\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5176\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u6700\u8fd1\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u300a\u5df4\u585e\u5c14\u534f\u8baeIII\u300b(Basel III)\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8fd8\u8981\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u524d\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u59d4\u6258\u4f19\u4f34\uff08Committing Partners\uff09\uff1a\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u90e8\u5bf9\u5176\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u59d4\u6258\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b83\u4eec\u7a33\u5b9a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u4e16\u8d38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6838\u5fc3\u8c08\u5224\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u30022001\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u8d38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u7eb3\u5165\u4e16\u8d38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6838\u5fc3\u8c08\u5224\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56db\u65b9\u96c6\u56e2\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u56fd\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u904f\u5236\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u5df4\u897f\u5bf9\u5176\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n

\u83b7\u5f97\u80fd\u529b\uff08Enlisting Competence\uff09\uff1a\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u90e8\u5bf9\u5176\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u80fd\u529b\u53c2\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\u30022008\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165IMF\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u52a0\u6743\u6295\u7968\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e2d\u56fd\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6743\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u670d\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5f3a\u5176\u91d1\u878d\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u5904\u4e8e\u538b\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5b88\u6210\u5927\u56fd\u57282007\/08\u5e74\u5c06G20\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d22\u957f\u8bba\u575b\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u8111\u8bba\u575b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u904f\u5236\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

2. \u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u79e9\u5e8f\u6216\u5176\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u610f\u613f\u4e3a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u9700\u652f\u6301\u7684\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u6536\u76ca\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff08availability\uff09\u662f\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76ee\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\uff08Systemically Relevance\uff09\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8be5\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u7269\u8d28\u4e0a\u6216\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\uff09\u72ec\u81ea\u7834\u574f\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u79e9\u5e8f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u6311\u6218\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5e2e\u52a9\u514b\u670d\u5bf9\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u6709\u52a8\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u5438\u7eb3\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u4e3a\u7ef4\u6301\u79e9\u5e8f\u505a\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u6fc0\u52b1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u63a5\u53d7\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u79e9\u5e8f\u505a\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f9d\u9760\u5176\u5b83\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u6362\u53d6\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u5c31\u4f1a\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8be5\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76ee\u7684\uff08Social Purpose\uff09\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5438\u7eb3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u9769\u547d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f53\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5219\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4fe1\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u5176\u673a\u5236\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u6743\u6765\u4fee\u6b63\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5438\u7eb3\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f71\u54cd\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63a5\u53d7\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7684\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u201c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201d\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5927\u4f53\u540c\u610f\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u6216\u673a\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u8be5\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76ee\u7684\u53ca\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u8981\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u5438\u7eb3\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u8de8\u8d8a\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76ee\u7684\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6539\u9769\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

3. \u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5bf9\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u6216\u62b5\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u963b\u529b\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u4e0e\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u514b\u670d\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u963b\u6b62\u5438\u7eb3\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u514b\u670d\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u5236\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff08\u5f31\uff09\uff0c\u514b\u670d\u5176\u963b\u529b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff08\u4f4e\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u53c8\u4f7f\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u66f4\u5c0f\uff08\u5927\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u8303\u56f4\u8d8a\u5e7f\uff08\u7a84\uff09\uff0c\u514b\u670d\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff08\u9ad8\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u53c8\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff08\u51cf\u5c11\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5236\u5ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u514b\u670d\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u514b\u670d\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7a81\u7834\uff08breaking\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5728\u673a\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5426\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5219\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5c31\u662f\u7a81\u7834\u987d\u56fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u963b\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7a81\u7834\u963b\u529b\u901a\u5e38\u4ee3\u4ef7\u9ad8\u6602\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f6c\u79fb\uff08shifting\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5728\u673a\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5426\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u4eab\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89c4\u907f\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u963b\u529b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8f6c\u79fb\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u6602\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u6253\u7834\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u8981\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5426\u51b3\uff08overruling\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5728\u673a\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6ca1\u6709\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u5438\u7eb3\u53cc\u65b9\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u751a\u81f3\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u9009\u62e9\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u673a\u5236\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u83b7\u5f97\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u591a\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5426\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u5c42\uff08layering\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5426\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u4eab\u6709\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\u53c2\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u5145\u8db3\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u6210\u672c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\uff0c\u5408\u4f5c\u5404\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u5206\u5c42\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u514b\u670d\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u963b\u529b\u3002\u5206\u5c42\u610f\u5473\u7740\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u65b9\u5728\u539f\u5148\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5185\u83b7\u5f97\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5438\u7eb3\u5404\u65b9\u5df2\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u673a\u5236\u5185\u83b7\u5f97\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u673a\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u662f\u63a8\u52a8\u73b0\u6709\u673a\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5176\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/section>\n

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\u56db\u3001\u9884\u671f\u5916\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>
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\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u9762\u4e34\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\u65f6\u7528\u6765\u7a33\u5b9a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6218\u7565\u3002\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u673a\u5236\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u901a\u8fc7\u9501\u5b9a\u6548\u5e94\uff08Lock-in Effects\uff09\u548c\u6536\u76ca\u9012\u589e\uff08Increasing Returns\uff09\u83b7\u5f97\u5185\u751f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u96be\u4ee5\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5426\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u6709\u65f6\u786e\u5b9e\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9884\u671f\u5916\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1. \u7531\u652f\u6301\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6700\u7ec8\u7834\u574f\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b89\u6392\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u53d6\u652f\u6301\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u652f\u6301\u8d8a\u662f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u514b\u670d\u5bf9\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u5c31\u8d8a\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af\u5bfc\u81f4\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u706d\u4ea1\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u51b3\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u904f\u5236\u5b83\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u751f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u5982\u679c\u6765\u81ea\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u652f\u6301\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u904f\u5236\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9000\u51fa\u6700\u521d\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5bf9\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u6301\u7eed\u652f\u6301\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5bf9\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u65b9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u8db3\u4ee5\u904f\u5236\u3001\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u6700\u521d\u5bfc\u81f4\u5438\u7eb3\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9000\u51fa\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u6765\u63a8\u52a8\u4fee\u8ba2\u5438\u7eb3\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u5728\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7279\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

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2. \u7531\u7279\u6743\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u52a8\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5728\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a8\u6447\u4fc3\u6210\u7279\u6743\u6388\u4e88\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6743\u6700\u521d\u5177\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u5229\u76ca\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u73b0\u5b58\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5c06\u5438\u7eb3\u53cc\u65b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u662f\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u5236\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u5361\u7279\u5c14\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u5438\u7eb3\uff0c\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5728\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7279\u6743\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u9635\u8425\u4e4b\u95f4\u5236\u9020\u9694\u9602\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5728\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7279\u6743\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5c31\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u9635\u8425\u89c6\u4e3a\u7cbe\u82f1\u5361\u7279\u5c14\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u5f53\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u662f\u88ab\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u9635\u8425\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u98ce\u9669\u5c24\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u7ed9\u4e88\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u5728\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u4e0e\u9009\u6c11\u4e4b\u95f4\u5236\u9020\u9694\u9602\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u758f\u8fdc\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u6388\u4e88\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u5728\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7279\u6743\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u5c31\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u5371\u9669\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e94\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3<\/span>
<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u548c\u5168\u9762\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u53d7\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\u3001\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\uff09\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u9a8c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u8870\u843d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\u3001\u88ab\u5438\u7eb3\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u963b\u529b\uff09\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u662f\u5426\u660e\u663e\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u8d85\u8d8a\u8c03\u6574\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5168\u7403\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u73b0\u8c61\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6027\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u9a8c\u4f5c\u8005\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u7531\u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba\u72ec\u5bb6\u7f16\u8bd1\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u5e73\u53f0\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\"\u3010\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u4ee5\u7279\u6743\u6362\u53d6\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5438\u7eb3<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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