{"id":15051,"date":"2019-12-05T13:31:24","date_gmt":"2019-12-31T06:13:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/115.238.178.234:8090\/index.php\/2019\/12\/31\/6e55dc1ba9\/"},"modified":"2019-12-31T14:13:30","modified_gmt":"2019-12-31T06:13:30","slug":"6e55dc1ba9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/115.238.178.234:8090\/index.php\/2019\/12\/05\/6e55dc1ba9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5370\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u83ab\u8fea\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7537\u6027\u5316\u4e28\u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba \u7b2c289\u671f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4f5c\u54c1\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5361\u5854\u91cc\u5a1c\u00b7\u91d1\u74e6\u5c14\uff08Catarina Kinnvall\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u5979\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u300aThe Politics of Connectivity and Dispersion\u300b(Routledge 2014)\u3001\u300aGlobalization and Religious Nationalism in India: The Search for Ontological Security\u300b(Routledge 2006)\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u3010<\/span><\/strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u3011<\/span><\/strong>\u67ef\u5b5c\u51dd\uff08\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b66\u9662\u7855\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff09<\/span>
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\u3010\u6821\u5bf9\u3011<\/strong>\u8881\u8559\u73c8<\/span>
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\u3010\u5ba1\u6838<\/span><\/strong>\u3011<\/span><\/strong>\u59da\u5bf0\u5b87<\/span>
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\u3010\u6392\u7248\u3011 <\/span><\/strong>\u67ef\u6657\u71d5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u3010\u6765\u6e90\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

Kinnvall, C. (2019). Populism, ontological insecurity and Hindutva: Modi and the masculinization of Indian politics. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, <\/em>1-20.<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u300a\u5251\u6865\u56fd\u9645\u4e8b\u52a1\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\uff08Cambridge Review of International Affairs<\/em>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u5b66\u672f\u5b63\u520a\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u6839\u636e2015\u5e74\u7684\u671f\u520a\u5f15\u6587\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8be5\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u4e3a0.438\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u201d\u7c7b\u522b\u7684161\u79cd\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u6392\u540d\u7b2c113\u3002<\/span>
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Populism, <\/span>o<\/span>ntological insecurity and Hindutva: Modi and the masculinization of Indian politics<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5728\u83ab\u8fea\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u51fa\u73b0<\/span>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684<\/span>\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\uff09\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u5219\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e2d<\/span>\u7f3a\u5c11\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u62c9\u5eb7\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u6d3e<\/span><\/span>(<\/span>Lacanian)<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c<\/span>\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u201d\u80fd\u591f\u586b\u6ee1\u5e76\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u4e0a\u8ff0<\/span>\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64<\/span>\u672c\u6587\u5173\u6ce8\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u53d9\u8ff0<\/span>\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8c61\u5f81<\/span>\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8bd5\u56fe\u7406\u89e3\u5370\u5ea6\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f<\/span><\/span>(<\/span>ontological <\/span>insecurity<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u548c\u6c11\u7cb9\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba<\/span>\u4e86<\/span>\u201c\u56fd\u65cf<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/strong>nation<\/span>hood)<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5b97\u6559<\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u548c\u6cbf\u7740\u6027\u522b\u8fb9\u754c\u5212\u5206\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7537\u6027<\/span>\u201d<\/span>(Hindu masculinity)<\/strong>\u8bdd\u8bed<\/span>\u7684\u91cd\u5851\uff0c<\/span>\u4e3a\u65e8\u5728\u6cbb\u6108\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168<\/span>\u611f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u8df5\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u672c\u6587\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u83ab\u8fea\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Modi Doctrine<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u5b83\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u8bdd\u8bed\u81f3\u4e00\u79cd\u63d0\u4f9b\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/span>(<\/span>nativism)<\/strong>\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>nationalism<\/span>)<\/span><\/strong>\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d9\u8ff0<\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>populist narratives<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u5b9e\u8df5\u5982\u4f55\u6311\u6218\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u8ff0\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u60f3\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u5173\u6ce8\u5370\u5ea6\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6c11\u7cb9\u653f\u6cbb\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4ece\u5bf9<\/span>\u201c\u56fd\u65cf\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u201d\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5206\u6790\u4ee5\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8ba4\u51fa\uff0c<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u5173\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u6210\u5047\u60f3\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u83ab\u8fea\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u6761\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6027\u522b\u5212\u5206<\/span>\u201c\u56fd\u65cf\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9738\u6743\u89e3\u91ca\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u65e8\u5728\u201c\u6cbb\u6108\u201d(healing)<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u91cf\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4ece\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u5408\u7406\u5316\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u60f3\u8c61\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u201c\u56fd\u65cf\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u201d\u7684\u6027\u522b\u53d9\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\u5bfb\u6c42\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u4e2d\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u548c\u7834\u88c2\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e5f\u5173\u6ce8\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u65e5\u5e38\u5b9e\u8df5\u6311\u6218\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u7bc7\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u53d9\u8ff0\u53d1\u5c55\u5178\u8303\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u53c8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u83ab\u8fea\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u5176\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u8bdd\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u6027\u522b\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6709\u5173\u6027\u522b\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u56fd\u65cf\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d9\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u591a\u6570\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5370\u5ea6\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65e8\u5728\u56e2\u7ed3\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u56fd\u5916\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u7126\u8651\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u6b65\u60f3\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u6027\u522b\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4f55\u603b\u662f\u7834\u88c2\u548c\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5bf9\u83ab\u8fea\u653f\u6743\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u62b5\u5236\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u9002\u5e94\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e00\u3001<\/strong>\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b58\u5728\u51e0\u79cd\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span>(Mudde 2007)\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u98ce\u683c<\/span>(Wodak 2015)\u3002\u4e0e\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u653f\u6cbb\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u653e\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5242\u6cbb\u7597\u53cd\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f0a\u75c5\u7684\u826f\u836f<\/span>(Laclau 2005)\u3002\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u5173\u540c\u8d28\u548c\u5bf9\u7acb\u7fa4\u4f53\u5212\u5206\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4eba\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u6c11\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u8868\u8fbe<\/span><\/span>(Kriesi & Takis 2015; Mudde 2007)\u3002\u652f\u6301\u62c9\u514b\u52b3\u7684\u4eba\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u4f5c\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u6301\u6d88\u6781\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u5206\u88c2\u6f5c\u8d28\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6743\u5229\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\uff08\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u6027\u522b\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u79fb\u6c11<\/span>(Rydgren 2012)\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u5bf9\u7acb\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u6700\u7ec8\u6784\u5efa\u4e86<\/span>\u201c\u6bd4\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u603b\u6570\u5c11\u201d\u4f46\u6e34\u671b\u201c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u201d<\/span>(Laclau 2005)\u3002<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u4f0a\u683c\u7eb3\u5179\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>2003<\/span>\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u76ee\u524d\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e94\u79cd\u7279\u8d28\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u4ec7\u5916\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5f3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5f3a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u8d28\u548c\u8bc9\u6c42\u5728\u5371\u673a\u65f6\u671f\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u7126\u8651\u548c\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5230\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u83b1\u8335\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u758f\u8fdc\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u51b7\u6f20\u5bf9\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u793e\u4f1a\u6784\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2a\u4eba\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\uff08<\/span>RD<\/span> Laing 1960\uff09\u3002\u5409\u767b\u65af\u5c06\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u7126\u8651\u653e\u5728\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u6307\u968f\u7740\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u5177\u6709<\/span>\u201c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u611f\u201d<\/span><\/span>(sense of place)<\/span>,\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f4d\u7f6e\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e2a\u4f53\u4f20\u8bb0\u548c\u573a\u6240\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8054\u7cfb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u65f6\u6709\u5173\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>–\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\uff09\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5929\u5802\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bfc\u81f4<\/span><\/strong>\u4e86\u5bf9\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u6e34\u671b<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/span><\/strong>\u60f3\u8c61\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u8bb0\u53d9\u8ff0<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/strong>\u548c\u7b26<\/span><\/strong>\u53f7<\/span><\/strong>\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u96c6\u4f53\u60c5\u611f\u662f<\/span><\/strong>\u53d9\u8ff0\u6784\u6210\u548c\uff08\u96c6\u4f53\uff09\u8eab\u4efd\u5de9\u56fa\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u6bd4<\/span><\/strong>\u5982\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u70ed\u7231\u6216\u5bf9\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u6050\u60e7\u6216\u538c\u6076\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6c11\u65cf\u8eab\u4efd\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u8896\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5bfc\u60c5\u611f\u8baf\u606f\u5e76\u5c06\u4e4b\u8bc9\u8bf8\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5168\u4f53\u9009\u6c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<\/span> \u201c\u60c5\u611f\u7edf\u6cbb\u201d(<\/span><\/span><\/strong>emotional governance)<\/strong>\u7684\u624b\u6bb5<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span>(Richard 2013)<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<\/span>\u8bf8\u5982\u79fb\u6c11\u6216\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u4e8b\u7269<\/span>\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u6467\u6bc1<\/span>\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u7eaf\u7cb9\u6027<\/span><\/span>\u201d\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996<\/span><\/span>(culprits)<\/span>\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b(Pelinka<\/span> 2013)\u3002<\/span>\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728<\/span>\u6709\u5173\u591a<\/span>\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\u4e0e\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u666e\u904d\u7126\u8651\u7684<\/span>\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e2d\u3002<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4ece\u672a\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u80cc\u666f\u5b8c\u5168\u8131\u79bb\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e<\/span>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u7269<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5b97\u6559\uff09\u8131\u79bb<\/span>\u3002\u5bfb\u627e\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f<\/span>\u201c\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u8be5\u601d\u60f3\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u4ec5\u7531\u672c\u571f<\/span>\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08\u6c11\u65cf\uff09\u7684\u6210\u5458\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u672c\u5730\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u4eba\u548c\u601d\u60f3\uff09\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5a01\u80c1\u7740\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6(<\/span>Mudde 2007)\uff0c\u5b83<\/span>\u5c06<\/span>\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9<\/span>\u201d\u4eba\u6c11\u53ca\u5176\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5148\u5929\u6743\u4e0e\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f97\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u548c\u79fb\u6c11\uff09\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0e<\/span>\u201c\u6027\u522b\u8bdd\u8bed\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bdd\u8bed\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u6027\u548c\u751f\u6b96\u7684\u8c03\u8282\uff0c\u5bf9<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u7684<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u5987\u5973\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4ed6\u8005<\/span><\/span>\u201d\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u5351\u6216<\/span>\u5996\u9b54\u5316<\/span>\u201d(<\/span>Mulinari&<\/span>Neergaard 2014)\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7537\u5b50\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5987\u5973\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6027\u522b<\/span>\u5316<\/span>\u201d\u548c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7537\u6027\u5316<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u6709\u529b\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u53cd\u5efa\u5236\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e5f\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f9d\u9760<\/span>\u201c\u80cc\u53db\u8005<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u540d\u5265\u593a\u6216\u51fa\u5356\u798f\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u8ff0\u7ecf\u5e38\u5bfb\u6c42\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u51e1\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u9886\u8896<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u5171\u96c6\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e38\u89c4\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fdd\u6301\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0<\/span>\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u771f\u5b9e<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u58f0\u97f3(<\/span>Inglehart <\/span>2016)\u3002\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u52a8\u5458\u548c\u534f\u8c03\u8054\u5408\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bf1\u5bfc\u548c\u7ef4\u6301<\/span>\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u8eab\u4efd<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u548c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u793e\u533a\u610f\u8bc6<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u673a\u4f1a(<\/span>Caiani and Parenti 2009)\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bf9<\/span>\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u4e0e\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684<\/span>\u6295\u7968\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6001\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c<\/span>\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u6124\u6012\u3001<\/span>\u758f\u8fdc\u6216\u5265\u593a\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u7684\u611f\u89c9(<\/span>Belmi and Laurin 2016)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<\/span>\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/strong>\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u8f6c\u5411\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u4e0e\u907f\u514d\u6392\u65a5\u548c\u5b64\u7acb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bfb\u6c42\u4f9d\u604b\u548c\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5bf9\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6587\u5316<\/span>\u3001<\/span>\u5b97\u6559<\/span>\u3001<\/span>\u4f20\u7edf<\/span>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f<\/span>\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u6709\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<\/span>\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7406\u89e3\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u4f20\u7edf\u3001<\/span>\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u5386\u53f2\u3001<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u503e\u5411\u3001<\/span>\u5a92\u4f53\u683c\u5c40\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56e0\u7d20\u3001<\/span>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/strong>\u5e94<\/span><\/strong>\u8be5<\/span><\/strong>\u5173\u6ce8<\/span><\/strong>\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u7126\u8651\u6216\u8005\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0c\u4ee5<\/span><\/strong>\u5efa\u7acb<\/span><\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u7406\u89e3\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002\u4ee5\u5370\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9<\/span><\/strong>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u653f\u6743\u5efa\u8bbe\u3001\u653f<\/span><\/strong>\u6743\u5efa\u8bbe\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u5e26\u6709\u6027\u522b\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u53d9\u8ff0\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e8c\u3001<\/strong>\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u8bdd\u8bed<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u968f\u7740\u83ab\u8fea\u7684\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8eab\u4efd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>(<\/span>Hindu<\/span> <\/span>Nationalism)<\/span><\/strong>\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u7740\u83ab\u8fea\u7684\u5f53\u9009\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u53ef<\/span>\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u8428\u74e6\u5c14\u5361\uff08<\/span>1923\uff09\u548c\u6208\u5c14\u6c83\u74e6\u5c14\uff08<\/span>1939<\/span>\uff09\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span><\/span>\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span>(Hindutva)<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a<\/span>\u201c Hindutva\u201d\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u4ee5\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u6c83\u74e6\u5c14<\/span>(Golwalkar<\/span>)<\/span>\u5728\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u6216<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9a\u4e49\u300b<\/span>(<\/span>We, or our nationhood defined<\/span><\/em><\/strong>)\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u51fa\u751f\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u6587\u660e<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u662f\u5a01\u80c1<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u5916\u56fd\u4eba<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6839\u690d\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u5230<\/span>1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u6467\u6bc1\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u624d\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/span>1<\/span>991<\/span>\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u906d\u9047\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u4ee5\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u897f\u5316\u548c\u52a0\u6df1\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u83ab\u8fea\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u56e0\u7d20\u5df2\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u6307\u5411\u4fdd\u7559\u7740\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5a01\u80c1\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u83ab\u8fea\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u5411\u66f4\u79ef\u6781\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u662f<\/span>\u201c\u83ab\u8fea\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u3001\u90bb\u91cc\u4f18\u5148\u3001\u514b\u670d\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u72b9\u8c6b\u3001\u4ece\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u5230\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u4fa8\u6c11\u3001\u52a0\u5f3a\u6587\u5316\u7ebd\u5e26<\/span>\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>(<\/span>Chaturved<\/span>i<\/span> 2017<\/span>)<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982<\/span>\u56fd\u9645\u745c\u4f3d\u65e5\u6216<\/span>\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u5236\u9020<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span>\u5f3a\u8c03\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u9057\u4ea7\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u6587\u5316\u8054\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u5458\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7956\u56fd\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u548c\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/span>\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e0e\u751f\u4ff1\u6765\u7684\u548c\u5e73<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\uff08\u5370\u5ea6\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b21\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u65cf\u7fa4\u5bf9\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u548c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0d\u65ad\u963b\u788d\u8fd9\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Kinnvall<\/span>&<\/span>Svensson 2018\uff09\u3002\u5728<\/span><\/span>\u52a0\u5f3a\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u9738\u6743\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5371\u673a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u80af\u5b9a\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5c06\u6cbb\u6108\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002<\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u5370\u5ea6\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u9009\u62e9\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span><\/strong>\u8303\u56f4<\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u9886\u571f<\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u5408<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf<\/span><\/strong>\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5185\u5916\u5a01\u80c1\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span><\/strong>\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5192\u72af\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u83ab\u8fea\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a<\/span><\/strong>\u5176\u4ed6<\/span><\/strong>\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u9886\u8896<\/span><\/strong>\u4e00\u6837\u62e5\u6709\u5c06<\/span><\/strong>\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u8bdd\u8bed\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<\/span><\/strong>\u60c5\u611f<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8bba\u636e\u6216\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u201c\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u613f\u666f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5728\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4e3a\u6709\u5173\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u6211\u8eab\u4efd\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\uff08\u6216\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\uff09\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5bbd\u5bb9\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840<\/span>\u3002<\/span>\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u6210\u4e3a\u5c01\u95ed\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4f46<\/span>\u662f\u83ab\u8fea\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u4e0d\u53ea\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u83ab\u8fea\u5bf9\u65b0\u95fb\u754c\u7684\u53cd\u611f\u3001<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>Twitter\u548c<\/span>Mani Ki Baat<\/span><\/span>\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5fc3\u810f\u8c08\u8bdd<\/span>\u201d\uff0c<\/span>\u7531\u83ab\u8fea\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u5e7f\u64ad\u8282\u76ee\uff09\u4e0e\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u6d41\u7b49\u4e0e\u6781\u53f3\u7ffc\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u7b26\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d<\/span>\u5360\u591a\u6570\u3002<\/span> <\/span>\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u3001\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u56e2<\/span>(<\/span><\/strong>RSS)<\/span><\/strong>\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a<\/span>(VHP)<\/span><\/strong>\u548c\u540c\u76df\u5bb6\u65cf<\/span>(<\/span><\/strong>S<\/span><\/strong>angh Parivar)<\/span><\/strong>\u5c06\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u6000\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\uff08\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff09\u7684\u7ee5\u9756\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\u4f9d\u9760<\/span>\u201c\u7eaf<\/span><\/span>\u7cb9<\/span>\u201d\u6c11\u65cf\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5148\u5929\u7ee7\u627f\u6743<\/span><\/span>\u4ee5\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5411\u653f\u6cbb\u65bd\u52a0\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u5c06\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b56\u7565\uff0c<\/span>\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c06<\/span>\u201c\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u5a01\u80c1<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4eba\u6c11<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u88ad\u51fb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316<\/span>(Mudde and Kaltwasser 2017<\/span>)<\/span>\u3002\u4ece\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565<\/span>\u662f<\/span>C<\/span>hernobrov<\/span>\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5e94\u6025\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ee5\u81ea\u604b\u7684<\/span>\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d9\u8ff0\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u81ea\u6211<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u5bb9\u5668\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e09\u3001<\/span>\u6027\u522b\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u53d9\u8ff0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u662f\u6027\u522b\u5316\u7684<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u60f3\u8c61<\/span>\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u963f\u5357\u5fb7<\/span>\uff08<\/span>2011\uff09\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>(schizophrenic nationalism)<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u5b83<\/span>\u5c06\u60f3\u8c61\u7684<\/span>\u653f\u6cbb\u3001<\/span>\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3001<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u5458\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83<\/span>\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97<\/span>\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u795e\u8bdd\u4e0d\u53d7\u6311\u6218\u3002\u73ed\u7eb3\u5409<\/span>\uff08<\/span>2012\uff09\u79f0\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4e3a\u201c\u521a\u5f3a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\u201d(<\/span>muscular nationalism)<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982<\/span><\/span>(<\/span>manhood)<\/strong>\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u67d4\u5f31\u5bf9\u7167\u4e2d\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88<\/span>\uff0c\u66f4<\/span>\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60e7\u6015\u5f3a\u654c\u62d2\u7edd\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u4e0b\uff0c<\/span>\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4f4d<\/span>\u66f4\u5177\u8fdb\u53d6\u5fc3\u548c\u4e25\u4e8e\u5f8b\u5df1<\/span>\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7537\u6027\u80fd\u591f\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9<\/span>\u5174\u90fd\u74e6\u5206\u6790\u4e2d<\/span>\u7684\u7126\u8651\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>(anxious nationalism)<\/span><\/strong>\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd<\/span>\u7126\u8651\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5728\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u6d88\u9664\u77db\u76fe\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53d8\u6210\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6765\u6cbb\u6108\u4e0d\u5b89\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u5f3a\u5bf9\u7eaf\u7cb9<\/span>\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u975e\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684<\/span>\u4ed6\u8005<\/span>\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u624d\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\uff08<\/span>\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\uff09\u672c<\/span>\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\uff08<\/span>Kinnvall 2006\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7126\u8651\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65e8\u5728\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u5a01\u6151\u6216\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u63a7\u5236\u3001<\/span>\u5b89\u5168\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6cbb\u7406\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u666e\u904d\u7684\u7126\u8651\u611f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u79fb\u6c11\u3001<\/span>\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5316\u3001<\/span>\u53cd\u6050\u6218\u4e89\u3001<\/span>\u7d27\u7f29\u548c\u73af\u5883\uff08<\/span>Eklundh et al 2017\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u4e00\u76f4\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u5916<\/span>\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/strong>\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5438\u5f15\u90a3\u4e9b\u56e0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u683c\u5c40\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u5438\u5f15\u90a3\u4e9b\u62c5\u5fc3\u5931\u53bb\u5176\uff08\u7537\u6027\uff09\u7279\u6743\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u81ea<\/span>1947\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\u548c\u4f4e\u79cd\u59d3\u5987\u5973\u7684\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u5df2\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u7528\u4e8e\u5de9\u56fa\u8de8\u79cd\u59d3\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728<\/span>2002<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u53e4\u5409\u62c9\u7279\u90a6\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u5360\u652f\u914d\u5730\u4f4d<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u5987\u5973\u906d\u5230\u56e2\u4f19\u8c0b\u6740\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fb5\u72af\u80cc\u540e\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5173\u4e8e<\/span>\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5973\u795e\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00<\/span>\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u725b\u548c\u5973\u6027<\/span>\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f53\uff08\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u6bcd\u725b\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9<\/span>\u5979\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7236\u6743\u5236\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5185\uff0c\u5bf9\u725b\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5987\u5973\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u4e0e\u60f3\u8c61<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u4ed6\u8005<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5bf9\u7acb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c<\/span>\u65e2\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8fd1\u90bb\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd<\/span>\u5bb6\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6765\u81ea<\/span>\u72c2\u70ed\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed<\/span>\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u523a\u6fc0<\/span>\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u4e86<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6709\u5173\u4ed6<\/span>\u4eec\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u3001<\/span>\u5987\u5973\u548c\u751f\u5b58\u4e0e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5bf9\u65e0\u8f9c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u6218\u4e89\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4<\/span>\u8fd9\u547c\u5401\u7740<\/span>\u5524\u9192\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3001<\/span>\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c<\/span>\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u7684\u7537\u6027\u56fd\u5bb6\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9<\/span>\u5973\u6027\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4<\/span><\/span>(Anand 2011)\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u83ab\u8fea\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a<\/span>\u201c\u65b0\u5370\u5ea6<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8005<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u6b65<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u548c\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5bfc\u5411<\/span><\/strong>\u5236\u5b9a<\/span><\/strong>\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4eba\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u4ed6<\/span><\/strong>\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5168\u7403\u548c\u672c<\/span><\/strong>\u571f<\/span><\/strong>\u786e\u7acb<\/span><\/strong>\u81ea\u8eab<\/span><\/strong>\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u7537\u6027\u56fd\u5bb6<\/span>(<\/strong><\/span>masculine <\/strong><\/span>state<\/strong>)<\/span><\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u4ed6\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u62e5\u6709<\/span>\u201c\u8c26\u5351\u7684\u8840\u7edf<\/span>\u201d\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u666e\u901a\u4eba<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8bb2\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u7cbe\u82f1\u8868\u793a<\/span>\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64<\/span>\u91cd\u7533\u5bf9<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u81ea\u8c6a\u611f\uff0c\u56de\u5e94\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u548c\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53cd<\/span><\/span>\u611f(Kinnvall&Svensson 2019)<\/span>\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u83ab\u8fea\u9700\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u624d\u80fd\u3002<\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u83ab\u8fea\u7ade\u9009\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u4f53\u73b0<\/span>\u4ed6\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u3001\u6709\u529b\u7684<\/span>\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u514b\u670d\u66fc\u83ab\u6c49<\/span>\u00b7\u8f9b\u683c\u7b49\u524d\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc\u6240<\/span>\u5021\u5bfc\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u201c\u67d4<\/span><\/span>\u5f31\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u98ce\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7126\u8651\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u548c<\/span><\/strong>\u521a\u5f3a\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5df2\u6784\u9020\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5b97\u6559\u878d\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec<\/span><\/strong>\u5149\u8363\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/strong>\u9886\u571f\u4e27\u5931<\/span><\/strong>\u53ca<\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5<\/span><\/strong>\u63d0\u793a<\/span><\/strong>\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd<\/span><\/strong>\u6709\u5173<\/span><\/strong>\u524d\u6b96\u6c11<\/span><\/strong>\u65f6\u4ee3<\/span><\/strong>\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u90c1\u7ed3<\/span><\/strong>\u63d0\u9192\u4e16\u4e16\u4ee3\u4ee3<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u8fc7<\/span><\/strong>\u53bb\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u548c\u521b\u4f24\u9700\u8981\u514b\u670d\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u73b0\u4efb\u6c11<\/span><\/strong>\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e76\u91cd\u5efa\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u65b9\u9762\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bd5\u56fe\u671d\u7740\u7406\u60f3\u65b9\u5411\u6539\u53d8\u516c\u4f17\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56db\u3001<\/strong>\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u6027\u522b\u53d9\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c01\u671f | Review of International Studies  Vol.45, No.4, 2019<\/span><\/a>
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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c02\u671f | International Relations Vol.33, No.3, 2019<\/span><\/a>
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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c03\u671f | International Organization Vol.73, No.3, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c04\u671f | World Politics, Vol.71, No.4, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c05\u671f | European Journal of International Relations<\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c06\u671f | Security Studies, Vol.28, No.4, 2019<\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c07\u671f | International Secur.ity, Vol 44, No. 2, 2019 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a>
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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c08\u671f | Cambridge Review of International Affairs,Vol.32,No.4<\/span><\/a>
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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c09\u671f | International Relations of Asia-Pacific Vol.19,No.3<\/span><\/a>
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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c10\u671f | International Studies Review, Volume.21, No.3, 2019<\/span><\/a>
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\u3010\u65b0\u520a\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7b2c11\u671f |Cooperation and Conflict, Vol. 54, No. 4, 2019<\/span><\/a>
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\u5206\u7c7b\u5bfc\u89c8 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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