{"id":13291,"date":"2019-05-12T14:03:50","date_gmt":"2019-12-30T08:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/115.238.178.234:8090\/index.php\/2019\/12\/30\/2d19aefdea\/"},"modified":"2019-12-30T16:59:37","modified_gmt":"2019-12-30T08:59:37","slug":"2d19aefdea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/115.238.178.234:8090\/index.php\/2019\/05\/12\/2d19aefdea\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u7b80  \u4ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u3010\u4f5c\u8005\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u5948\uff08Joseph S. Nye\uff09\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u4e16\u754c\u8457\u540d\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u653f\u5e9c\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3002\u66fe\u51fa\u4efb\u5361\u7279\u653f\u5e9c\u52a9\u7406\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u3001\u514b\u6797\u987f\u653f\u5e9c\u56fd\u5bb6\u60c5\u62a5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u548c\u52a9\u7406\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u3002\u8457\u6709\uff1a\u300a\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u300b\u300a\u6ce8\u5b9a\u9886\u5bfc\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u529b\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u300b\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u300b\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6096\u8bba\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010<\/span>\u7f16\u8bd1\u3011<\/span><\/span>\u674e   \u6e90<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3010\u6821\u5bf9\u3011<\/span><\/span>\u674e\u4ee3\u9713<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3010\u6765\u6e90\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>Nye Jr, J. S. (2019). The rise and fall of American hegemony from Wilson to Trump. International Affairs<\/em>, 95<\/em>(1),63-80.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u671f\u520a\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>International Affairs\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u671f\u520a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u672c\u6db5\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8be5\u671f\u520a\u7531\u4f26\u6566\u7687\u5bb6\u56fd\u9645\u4e8b\u52a1\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/span>(Royal Institute of International Affairs)\u4e8e<\/span>90\u5e74\u524d\u521b\u7acb\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b66\u672f\u4e25\u8c28\u3001\u6ce8\u91cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u6587\u4e3a\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u7531\u201c\u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u5e73\u53f0\u72ec\u5bb6\u7f16\u8bd1\u9996\u53d1\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

The Rise and Fall of American Hegemony from Wilson to Trump<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/p>\n

\u7ea6\u745f\u592b<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u5948\uff08Joseph S. Nye\uff09<\/span><\/span>
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\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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The End of Optimism in US Foreign Policy <\/span>
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<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

20<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u529b\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5176\u5168\u7403\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u6790\u4e86<\/span>20<\/span><\/strong>\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u529b\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4eba\u7269\uff1a\u897f\u5965\u591a<\/span><\/strong>\u00b7<\/span><\/strong>\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u4e0e\u4f0d\u7f57\u5fb7<\/span><\/strong>\u00b7<\/span><\/strong>\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u3002\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u548c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1<\/span><\/strong>\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7279\u6b8a\u4f7f\u547d<\/span><\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/strong>\uff08<\/span><\/strong>the specialmission of the United States<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u5206\u522b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f8b\u5916\u8bba\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u897f\u5965\u591a<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u76f8\u4fe1\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4fe1\u6b66\u529b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u529b\u91cf\u5747\u8861\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u8511\u89c6\u5bb3\u6015\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u9053\u5fb7\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u5d07\u9ad8\u76ee\u6807\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u800c\u4f0d\u7f57\u5fb7<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5219\u50cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u666e\u904d\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u79cd\u65cf\u504f\u89c1\u4e0e\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u76ce\u683c\u9c81<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u6492\u514b\u900a\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u5e72\u9884\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u548c\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u539f\u521b\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u6240\u8ba4\u4e3a\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u3002<\/strong>\u4ed6\u4e86\u89e3\u5747\u52bf\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u96c6\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u76df\u5c06\u6bd4\u51fa\u4e8e\u6743\u529b\u5747\u8861\u7684\u8054\u76df\u66f4\u52a0\u548c\u5e73\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u867d\u7136\u897f\u5965\u591a<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u4e0e\u4f0d\u7f57\u5fb7<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u798f\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u8d5e\u540c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e00\u6218\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5747\u52bf\u7684\u8003\u8651\u652f\u6301\u82f1\u56fd\u3002\u800c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5219\u5bfb\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u83b7\u53d6\u7269\u8d28\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u4e0d\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9886\u5bfc\u6240\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5f3a\u8c03\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5408\u4f5c\u529b\u91cf\u800c\u53c2\u6218\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76df\u53cb\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6f5c\u8247\u6218\uff0c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u51fa\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8003\u8651\u51b3\u5b9a\u52a0\u5165\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5168\u7403\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u91cc\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u6539\u53d8\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u4e24\u8005\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u4e0d\u4f46\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684<\/span>20<\/span>\u5e74\u91cc\u9002\u5f97\u5176\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\u4eec\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u548c\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

WoodrowWilson embraced a vision of “liberal internationalism” that hashelped shape U.S. foreign policy ever since.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
3
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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u6218\u7ed3\u675f<\/span>100<\/span>\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6e90\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6781\u5316\u3002<\/span>2016<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u4e0a\u53f0\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6218\u540e\u6301\u7eed<\/span>70<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u8fb9\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8ba9\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e16\u754c\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u800c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u72ed\u9698\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8d2c\u4f4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u51b7\u6218\u540e\u7684\u5355\u6781\u683c\u5c40\u4e3a\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u5174\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5951\u673a\u3002<\/strong>\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5f0f\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d77\u6e7e\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\uff0c\u514b\u6797\u987f\u5949\u884c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u6269\u5c55<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6218\u7565\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u6218\u4e89\u65e5\u6e10\u9677\u5165\u50f5\u5c40\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0e\u5176\u76df\u53cb\u7684\u652f\u6301\u65e5\u76ca\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5c0f\u5e03\u4ec0\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5f0f\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u8425\u517b\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u6c11\u4e3b\u8bae\u7a0b<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u65b0\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fe1\u5949\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f8b\u5916\u8bba\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f20\u64ad\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7ee7\u627f\u4ed6\u7684\u591a\u8fb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/strong>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5e03\u4ec0\u4e0e\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u6709\u7740\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u5c0f\u5e03\u4ec0\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u628a\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u4f20\u64ad\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u4e5f\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u8eab\u7406\u60f3\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u529b\u95f4\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u8bd5\u56fe\u8bf4\u670d\u516c\u4f17\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u90fd\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u4e5f\u90fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u968f\u540e\u7684\u7d27\u7f29\u6218\u7565\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5c24\u5176\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u501f\u52a9\u76f8\u5173\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u6717\u666e\u548c\u5176\u524d\u4efb\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u6218\u7565\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7279\u6717\u666e\u3001\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u4e0e\u5e03\u4ec0\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u6218\u7565\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5e03\u4ec0\u548c\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u79c9\u6301\u7740\u666e\u904d\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u5386\u53f2\u89c2\uff0c\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u8eab\u5904\u7531\u4f17\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u6784\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u79e9\u5e8f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5219\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u5f0f\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u3001\u96f6\u548c\u535a\u5f08\u89c2\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u72ed\u9698\u754c\u5b9a<\/strong>\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u76ee\u524d\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5904\u4e8e\u4f11\u7720\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u672a\u6765\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
4
<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f<\/span><\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u4e00\u8bcd\u591a\u5c11\u6709\u70b9\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u79e9\u5e8f\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5747\u52bf\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4eba\u6743\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u5168\u7403\u516c\u57df<\/strong><\/span> (protectionof the global commons)<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5938\u5927\u4e86\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7f8e\u56fd\u53ef\u80fd\u666e\u904d\u504f\u597d\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u51b7\u6218\u7ade\u4e89\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5b83\u4ecd\u7ecf\u5e38\u652f\u6301\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee5\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span>
<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8054\u76df\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u591a\u8fb9\u5236\u5ea6\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u7ef4\u7cfb\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u5171\u8bc6\u4e0e\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u8206\u8bba\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u5230<\/strong><\/span>2016<\/span><\/strong>\u5e74\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u9996\u6b21\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5171\u8bc6\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u7ec8\u7ed3\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
5
<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d6\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u7f8e\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c<\/span>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0e\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u70b9\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u53d6\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u3002<\/strong>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u603b\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u4ecd\u5c06\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u5747\u6536\u5165\u7b49\u3002\u51b5\u4e14\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\u53ea\u662f\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u4e0e\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002<\/span>
<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u6218\u540e\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u53d1\u6325\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u56fe\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u63a8\u7ffb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f7f\u4e4b\u53d7\u76ca\u7684\u73b0\u884c\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u5728\u8be5\u79e9\u5e8f\u5185\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u5c06\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u505a\u51fa\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u6743\u529b\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u5230\u5171\u4eab<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5b83\u5173\u6ce8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5f00\u653e\u7684<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6216<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/p>\n

<\/span>China Rising<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
6
<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u89c4\u6a21\u662f<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f8b\u5916\u8bba<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>American exceptionalism<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u6709\u7406\u7531\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u7403\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u9886\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e00\u89d2\u8272\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u72ed\u9698\u5730\u5173\u6ce8<\/strong><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u642d\u4fbf\u8f66\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/strong>\uff08<\/span><\/strong>free-riding<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4ecd\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u51b3\u8981\u6c42\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u548c\u535a\u5f08\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u5408\u4f5c\u535a\u5f08\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5f3a\u8c03\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u8de8\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u6388\u4e88\u4ed6\u56fd\u6743\u529b\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u8eab\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5b83\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u7ef4\u7cfb\u56fd\u9645\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8054\u76df\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u4eca\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ecd\u7136\u62e5\u6709\u8d85\u8d8a\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6743\u529b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u6743\u628a\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u653e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u80cc\u540e\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u754c\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u662f\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u72ed\u9698\u7684\uff1f\u7279\u6717\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u5219\u662f\u72ed\u9698\u7684\u3001\u96f6\u548c\u6027\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u672a\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5a01\u80c1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5916\u90e8\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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7
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\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u5a01\u80c1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u65e2\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6587\u5316\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u4e27\u5931\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u6027\u53d6\u5411\u7b49\u8bae\u9898\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\u65e9\u5728\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5f53\u9009\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f53\u9009\u65e2\u662f\u5176\u75c7\u72b6\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6781\u5316\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u503e\u5411\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u5c06\u524a\u5f31\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de9\u56fa\u56fd\u9645\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b0\u8de8\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u571f\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u5c06\u524a\u5f31\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f71\u54cd\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u6362\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u8d8b\u52bf\u5916\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u683c\u4e5f\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u5f53\u4eca\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u4ed6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u6467\u6bc1\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5728\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0a\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u8bae\u9898\u5174\u8da3\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u7eb3\u5a01\u6743\u5f0f\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

The government is divided against itself and cannot govern.<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
8<\/strong><\/span>
<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
 \u7ed3 \u8bba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e5f\u4ecd\u5c06\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u5f3a\u56fd\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u6b63\u5982\u65af\u8482\u82ac<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u65af\uff08<\/span>Stephen Brooks<\/span>\uff09\u548c\u5a01\u5ec9<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u6c83\u5c14\u798f\u65af\uff08<\/span>William Wohlforth<\/span>\uff09\u6240\u8a00\uff0c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u95f4\u6743\u529b\u5206\u914d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5e45\u5ea6\u4e0e\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u5f3a\u70c8<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5173\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5176\u6743\u529b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u786e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u7ffb\u5929\u8986\u5730\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u51b7\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u79bb\u5cb8\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u7d27\u7f29\u6218\u7565\u3001\u514b\u5236\u6218\u7565\u3001<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u62bd\u8eab<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6218\u7565<\/span>(disengagement)<\/span>\u7b49\u5927\u6218\u7565\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u53d8\u5f97\u65e5\u76ca\u6d41\u884c\u3002<\/span>
<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u533a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0e\u8de8\u56fd\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u7ef4\u7cfb\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u65b0\u5174\u9886\u57df\uff08\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\uff09\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u5e76\u7528\u4ee5\u8865\u5145\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u786c\u6743\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5374\u6b63\u5728\u9762\u4e34\u6765\u81ea\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5355\u8fb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f20\u64ad\u6c11\u4e3b\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u9002\u5ea6\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6c11\u4e3b\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u5206\u5e72\u9884\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u9002\u5f97\u5176\u53cd\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53d7\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65b0\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u4e5f\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u8bd5\u56fe\u521b\u5efa\u56fd\u9645\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u4ee5\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/strong>\u9762\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u8870\u9000\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\uff0c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f8b\u5916\u8bba<\/span><\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/strong>\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u5206\u4eab\u5168\u7403\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u4f4d\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u53d7\u5230\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u56fd\u9645\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666eThe New Face of American Populism.<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5b98\u7f51\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span>Oxford Academic<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ia\/article\/95\/1\/63\/5273551<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u7531\u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba\u5e73\u53f0\u72ec\u5bb6\u7f16\u8bd1\u9996\u53d1 \uff0c\u8f6c\u8f7d\u9700\u6388\u6743  <\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/span>
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\u66f4\u591a\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5df4\u91cc\u00b7\u5e03\u8d5e\uff1a\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u6d3e\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a><\/p>\n

\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7c73\u5c14\u65af\u6d77\u9ed8\uff1a\u6ce8\u5b9a\u5931\u8d25\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5174\u8870 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a>
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\u3010\u7f8e\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u3011IS\u6742\u5fd7\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u5927\u6218\u7565\u5982\u6b64\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1f| \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a><\/p>\n

\u3010\u82f1\u56fd\u8131\u6b27\u3011\u4ee5\u6b27\u76df\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5916\u4ea4\uff1a\u8131\u6b27\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u5916\u4ea4\u6218\u7565 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a>
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\u3010\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3011\u6c5f\u5fc6\u6069\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b63\u5728\u9ad8\u6da8\u5417\uff1f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u8c03\u67e5 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a>
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\u3010\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u3011IR\u6742\u5fd7\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u6743\u529b\u548c\u5168\u7403\u79e9\u5e8f | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a>
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\u3010\u519b\u4e8b\u653f\u53d8\u3011\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u519b\u5b98\u7559\u5728\u519b\u8425\uff1f\u89e3\u6790\u519b\u4e8b\u653f\u53d8 | \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a>
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\u3010\u5916\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u3011\u4e3a\u4f55\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u65e0\u6cd5\u6062\u590d\uff1f| \u56fd\u653f\u5b66\u4eba<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\"\u3010\u91cd\u78c5\u901f\u9012\u3011\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5948\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9738\u6743\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff1a\u4ece\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5230\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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